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J Appl Physiol 83: 477-484, 1997;
8750-7587/97 $5.00
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Journal of Applied Physiology
Vol. 83, No. 2, pp. 477-484, August 1997
CONTROL OF BREATHING, CIRCULATION, AND TEMPERATURE

Chronic hormone replacement therapy alters thermoregulatory and vasomotor function in postmenopausal women

E. M. Brooks1, A. L. Morgan1, J. M. Pierzga1, S. L. Wladkowski1, J. T. O'Gorman2, J. A. Derr2, and W. L. Kenney1

1 Noll Physiological Research Center and 2 Statistical Consulting Center, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802

Received 15 January 1997; accepted in final form 15 April 1997.

Brooks, E. M., A. L. Morgan, J. M. Pierzga, S. L. Wladkowski, J. T. O'Gorman, J. A. Derr, and W. L. Kenney. Chronic hormone replacement therapy alters thermoregulatory and vasomotor function in postmenopausal women. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(2): 477-484, 1997.---This investigation examined effects of chronic (>= 2 yr) hormone replacement therapy (HRT), both estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) and estrogen plus progesterone therapy (E+P), on core temperature and skin blood flow responses of postmenopausal women. Twenty-five postmenopausal women [9 not on HRT (NO), 8 on ERT, 8 on E+P] exercised on a cycle ergometer for 1 h at an ambient temperature of 36°C. Cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) was monitored by laser-Doppler flowmetry, and forearm vascular conductance (FVC) was measured by using venous occlusion plethysmography. Iontophoresis of bretylium tosylate was performed before exercise to block local vasoconstrictor (VC) activity at one skin site on the forearm. Rectal temperature (Tre) was ~0.5°C lower for the ERT group (P < 0.01) compared with E+P and NO groups at rest and throughout exercise. FVC: mean body temperature (Tb) and CVC: Tb curves were shifted ~0.5°C leftward for the ERT group (P < 0.0001). Baseline CVC was significantly higher in the ERT group (P < 0.05), but there was no interaction between bretylium treatment and groups once exercise was initiated. These results suggest that 1) chronic ERT likely acts centrally to decrease Tre, 2) ERT lowers the Tre at which heat-loss effector mechanisms are initiated, primarily by actions on active cutaneous vasodilation, and 3) addition of exogenous progestins in HRT effectively blocks these effects.

skin blood flow; vasodilation; temperature regulation; core temperature; reproductive hormones; estrogen; progesterone

0161-7567/97 $5.00 Copyright © 1997 the American Physiological Society




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