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J Appl Physiol 83: 134-139, 1997;
8750-7587/97 $5.00
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Journal of Applied Physiology
Vol. 83, No. 1, pp. 134-139, July 1997
CONTROL OF BREATHING, CIRCULATION, AND TEMPERATURE

A relationship between heat loss and sleepiness: effects of postural change and melatonin administration

Kurt Kräuchi, Christian Cajochen, and Anna Wirz-Justice

Chronobiology and Sleep Laboratory, Psychiatric University Clinic, CH-4025 Basel, Switzerland

Received 18 July 1996; accepted in final form 12 March 1997.

Kräuchi, Kurt, Christian Cajochen, and Anna Wirz-Justice. A relationship between heat loss and sleepiness: effects of postural change and melatonin administration. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(1): 134-139, 1997.---Both the pineal hormone melatonin (Mel) and postural changes have thermoregulatory sequelae. The purpose of the study was to evaluate their relationship to subjective sleepiness. Eight healthy young men were investigated under the unmasking conditions of a constant routine protocol. Heart rate, rectal temperature (Tre), skin temperatures (foot, Tfo; and stomach), and subjective sleepiness ratings were continuously recorded from 1000 to 1700. Mel (5 mg po) was administered at 1300, a time when Mel should not phase shift the circadian system. Both the postural change at 1000 from upright to a supine position (lying down in bed) and Mel administration at 1300 reduced Tre and increased Tfo in parallel with increased sleepiness. These findings suggest that under comfortable ambient temperature conditions, heat loss via the distal skin regions (e.g., feet) is a key mechanism for induction of sleepiness as core body temperature declines.

core body temperature; distal skin temperature; proximal skin temperature; heart rate

0161-7567/97 $5.00 Copyright © 1997 the American Physiological Society




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