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J Appl Physiol 82: 1662-1667, 1997;
8750-7587/97 $5.00
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Journal of Applied Physiology
Vol. 82, No. 5, pp. 1662-1667, May 1997
EXERCISE AND MUSCLE

Carbohydrate and the cytokine response to 2.5 h of running

S. L. Nehlsen-Cannarella1, O. R. Fagoaga1, D. C. Nieman2, D. A. Henson2, D. E. Butterworth2, R. L. Schmitt1, E. M. Bailey1, B. J. Warren2, A. Utter2, and J. M. Davis3

1 Immunology Center and Department of Pathology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, California 92350; 2 Department of Health, Leisure, and Exercise Science and Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina 28608; and 3 Department of Exercise Science, School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208

Received 11 November 1996; accepted in final form 21 January 1997.

Nehlsen-Cannarella, S. L., O. R. Fagoaga, D. C. Nieman, D. A. Henson, D. E. Butterworth, R. L. Schmitt, E. M. Bailey, B. J. Warren, A. Utter, and J. M. Davis. Carbohydrate and the cytokine response to 2.5 h of running. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(5): 1662-1667, 1997.---This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was designed to determine the influence of 6% carbohydrate (C) vs. placebo (P) beverage ingestion on cytokine responses (5 total samples over 9 h) to 2.5 h of high-intensity running (76.7 ± 0.4% maximal O2 uptake) by 30 experienced marathon runners. For interleukin-6 (IL-6), a difference in the pattern of change between groups was found, highlighted by a greater increase in P vs. C immediately postrun (753 vs. 421%) and 1.5 h postrun (193 vs. 86%) [F(4,112) = 3.77, P = 0.006]. For interleukin-1-receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), a difference in the pattern of change between groups was found, highlighted by a greater increase in P vs. C 1.5 h postrun (231 vs. 72%) [F(2,50) = 6.38, P = 0.003]. No significant interaction effects were seen for bioactive IL-6 or IL-1beta . The immediate postrun plasma glucose concentrations correlated negatively with those of plasma cortisol (r = -0.67, P < 0.001); postrun plasma cortisol (r = 0.70, P < 0.001) and IL-6 levels (r = 0.54, P = 0.003) correlated positively with levels of IL-1ra. Taken together, the data indicate that carbohydrate ingestion attenuates cytokine levels in the inflammatory cascade in response to heavy exertion.

immune system; cortisol; interleukin-6; interleukin-l; interleukin-1-receptor antagonist

0161-7567/97 $5.00 Copyright © 1997 the American Physiological Society




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