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John Rankin Laboratory of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705
Received 26 November 1996; accepted in final form 23 January 1997.
Harms, Craig A., Mark A. Babcock, Steven R. McClaran, David
F. Pegelow, Glenn A. Nickele, William B. Nelson, and Jerome A. Dempsey.
Respiratory muscle work compromises leg blood flow during maximal
exercise. J. Appl. Physiol.
82(5): 1573-1583, 1997.
We hypothesized that during
exercise at maximal O2 consumption (
O2 max),
high demand for respiratory muscle blood flow
(
) would elicit locomotor muscle vasoconstriction
and compromise limb . Seven male cyclists
(O2 max 64 ± 6 ml · kg
1 · min1)
each completed 14 exercise bouts of 2.5-min duration at
O2 max on a cycle
ergometer during two testing sessions. Inspiratory muscle work was
either 1) reduced via a
proportional-assist ventilator, 2)
increased via graded resistive loads, or
3) was not manipulated (control).
Arterial (brachial) and venous (femoral) blood samples, arterial blood
pressure, leg (legs;
thermodilution), esophageal pressure, and
O2 consumption
(O2) were
measured. Within each subject and across all subjects, at constant
maximal work rate, significant correlations existed
(r = 0.74-0.90;
P < 0.05) between work of breathing
(Wb) and legs (inverse), leg vascular resistance (LVR), and leg O2
(O2 legs;
inverse), and between LVR and norepinephrine spillover. Mean arterial
pressure did not change with changes in Wb nor did tidal volume or
minute ventilation. For a ±50% change from control in Wb,
legs changed 2 l/min or 11% of control, LVR
changed 13% of control, and O2
extraction did not change; thus
O2 legs
changed 0.4 l/min or 10% of control. Total
O2 max was unchanged
with loading but fell 9.3% with unloading; thus
O2 legs
as a percentage of total
O2 max was 81% in
control, increased to 89% with respiratory muscle unloading, and
decreased to 71% with respiratory muscle loading. We conclude that Wb
normally incurred during maximal exercise causes vasoconstriction in
locomotor muscles and compromises locomotor muscle perfusion and
O2.
vascular resistance; blood flow; work of breathing; maximal exercise; sympathetic vasoconstriction; autonomic reflexes; sympatholysis
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