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Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston 02215; and Pulmonary Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
Received 20 September 1996; accepted in final form 2 January 1996.
Kaczka, David W., Edward P. Ingenito, Bela Suki, and Kenneth
R. Lutchen. Partitioning airway and lung tissue resistances in
humans: effects of bronchoconstriction. J. Appl.
Physiol. 82(5): 1531-1541, 1997.
The contribution
of airway resistance
(Raw) and tissue resistance
(Rti) to total
lung resistance
(RL)
during breathing in humans is poorly understood. We have recently
developed a method for separating Raw
and Rti from measurements of
RL
and lung elastance (EL)
alone. In nine healthy, awake subjects, we applied a broad-band optimal
ventilator waveform (OVW) with energy between 0.156 and 8.1 Hz that
simultaneously provides tidal ventilation. In four of the subjects,
data were acquired before and during a methacholine (MCh)-bronchoconstricted challenge. The
RL
and
EL
data were first analyzed by using a model with a homogeneous airway
compartment leading to a viscoelastic tissue compartment consisting of
tissue damping and elastance parameters. Our OVW-based estimates of
Raw correlated well with estimates
obtained by using standard plethysmography and were responsive to
MCh-induced bronchoconstriction. Our data suggest that
Rti comprises ~40% of total
RL
at typical breathing frequencies, which corresponds to ~60% of
intrathoracic RL. During mild
MCh-induced bronchoconstriction, Raw
accounts for most of the increase in
RL. At high doses of MCh, there
was a substantial increase in RL
at all frequencies and in
EL at
higher frequencies. Our analysis showed that both
Raw and
Rti increase, but most of the increase
is due to Raw. The data also suggest
that widespread peripheral constriction causes airway wall shunting to
produce additional frequency dependence in
EL.
airway resistance; inhomogeneities; airway wall shunting; forced oscillations; methacholine
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