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J Appl Physiol 82: 1433-1437, 1997;
8750-7587/97 $5.00
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Journal of Applied Physiology
Vol. 82, No. 5, pp. 1433-1437, May 1997
PULMONARY CIRCULATION AND LUNG FLUID BALANCE

TNF-alpha in smoke inhalation lung injury

Charles A. Hales1, T. H. Elsasser2, Peter Ocampo1, and Olga Efimova1

1 Pulmonary and Critical Care Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Shriners Burns Institute, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114; and 2 Growth Biology Laboratory, Livestock and Poultry Institute, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705

Received 9 October 1996; accepted in final form 20 December 1996.

Hales, Charles A., T. H. Elsasser, Peter Ocampo, and Olga Efimova. TNF-alpha in smoke inhalation lung injury. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(5): 1433-1437, 1997.---Adult respiratory distress syndrome is a major cause of morbidity in fire victims. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha ) is edematogenic and has been associated with the etiology of other forms of adult respiratory distress syndrome. In the sheep lymph fistula model, we measured TNF-alpha after 48 (n = 7) or 128 (n = 3) breaths of cotton smoke and compared this with sham controls (n = 5) or controls in which left atrial pressure was elevated to 20 mmHg (n = 5) to increase lymph flow in the absence of inflammation. Smoke induced a rise in lymph flow and pulmonary arterial pressure with either no fall in lymph-to-plasma protein ratio (128 breaths) or a modest fall in lymph-to-plasma protein ratio (48 breaths), consistent with a change in microvascular permeability as well as a rise in microvascular pressure. Lymph concentration of TNF-alpha fell in both groups, although lymph flux (concentration × flow) transiently rose in both. In neither case did TNF-alpha flux exceed that induced by left atrial pressure elevation. TNF-alpha was detectable in only one out of five sheep in alveolar lavage. Thus, by utilizing a sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay, we were unable to demonstrate a role for TNF-alpha in smoke-induced microvascular lung injury in sheep.

lung lymph; acute lung injury; sheep; tumor necrosis factor-alpha

0161-7567/97 $5.00 Copyright © 1997 the American Physiological Society




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