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1 Department of Oral Biology, 2 Department of Exercise Science, and 3 Department of Medical Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210-1218
Received 15 March 1996; accepted in final form 20 November 1996.
Reiser, Peter J., William O. Kline, and Pal L. Vaghy.
Induction of neuronal type nitric oxide synthase in skeletal muscle by chronic electrical stimulation in vivo. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(4): 1250-1255, 1997.
Fast-twitch skeletal muscles contain more neuronal-type nitric
oxide synthase (nNOS) than slow-twitch muscles because nNOS is present
only in fast (type II) muscle fibers. Chronic in vivo electrical
stimulation of tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus muscles
of rabbits was used as a method of inducing fast-to-slow fiber type
transformation. We have studied whether an increase in muscle
contractile activity induced by electrical stimulation alters nNOS
expression, and if so, whether the nNOS expression decreases to the
levels present in slow muscles. Changes in the expression of myosin
heavy chain isoforms and maximum velocity of shortening of skinned
fibers indicated characteristic fast-to-slow fiber type transformation
after 3 wk of stimulation. At the same time, activity of NOS doubled in
the stimulated muscles, and this correlated with an increase in the
expression of nNOS shown by immunoblot analysis. These data suggest
that nNOS expression in skeletal muscle is regulated by muscle activity
and that this regulation does not necessarily follow the fast-twitch
and slow-twitch pattern during the dynamic phase of phenotype
transformation.
nitric oxide; enzyme induction; striated muscles; membranes
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