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J Appl Physiol 82: 882-891, 1997;
8750-7587/97 $5.00
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Journal of Applied Physiology
Vol. 82, No. 3, pp. 882-891, March 1997
GAS EXCHANGE, MECHANICS, AND AIRWAYS

Changes in regional lung mechanics and ventilation distribution after unilateral pulmonary artery occlusion

Brett A. Simon2, Koichi Tsuzaki1, and Jose G. Venegas1

1 Departments of Anesthesia and Biomedical Engineering, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114; 2 Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland 21287-8711

Received 18 July 1995; accepted in final form 12 November 1996.

Simon, Brett A., Koichi Tsuzaki, and Jose G. Venegas. Changes in regional lung mechanics and ventilation distribution after unilateral pulmonary artery occlusion. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(3): 882-891, 1997.---Regional pneumoconstriction induced by alveolar hypocapnia is an important homeostatic mechanism for optimization of ventilation-perfusion matching. We used positron imaging of 13NN-equilibrated lungs to measure the distribution of regional tidal volume (VT), lung volume (VL), and lung impedance (Z) before and after left (L) pulmonary artery occlusion (PAO) in eight anesthetized, open-chest dogs. Measurements were made during eucapnic sinusoidal ventilation at 0.2 Hz with 4-cmH2O positive end expiratory pressure. Right (R) and L lung impedances (ZR and ZL) were determined from carinal pressure and positron imaging of dynamic regional VL. LPAO caused an increase in |ZL| relative to |ZR|, resulting in a shift in VT away from the PAO side, with a L/R |Z| ratio changing from 1.20 ± 0.07 (mean ± SE) to 2.79 ± 0.85 after LPAO (P < 0.05). Although mean L lung VL decreased slightly, the VL normalized parameters specific admittance and specific compliance both significantly decreased with PAO. Lung recoil pressure at 50% total lung capacity also increased after PAO. We conclude that PAO results in an increase in regional lung Z that shifts ventilation away from the affected area at normal breathing frequencies and that this effect is not due to a change in VL but reflects mechanical constriction at the tissue level.

positron imaging; lung impedance; dogs; hypocapnia; compliance

0161-7567/97 $5.00 Copyright © 1997 the American Physiological Society




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