Castellani, John W., Carl M. Maresh, Lawrence E. Armstrong, Robert W. Kenefick, Deborah Riebe, Marcos Echegaray, Douglas Casa, and V. Daniel Castracane. Intravenous vs. oral rehydration: effects on subsequent exercise-heat stress. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(3): 799-806, 1997.This study compared the influence of intravenous vs. oral rehydration after exercise-induced dehydration during a subsequent 90-min exercise bout. It was hypothesized that cardiovascular, thermoregulatory, and hormonal variables would be the same between intravenous and oral rehydration because of similar restoration of plasma volume (PV) and osmolality (Osmo). Eight non-heat-acclimated men received three experimental treatments (counterbalanced design) immediately after exercise-induced dehydration (33°C) to 4% body weight loss. Treatments were intravenous 0.45% NaCl (iv; 25 ml/kg), no fluid (NF), and oral saline (Oral; 25 ml/kg). After rehydration and rest (2 h total), subjects walked at 50% maximal O₂ consumption for up to 90 min at 36°C. The following observations were made: 1) heart rate was higher (P < 0.05) in Oral vs. iv at minutes 45, 60, and 75 of exercise; 2) rectal temperature, sweat rate, percent change in PV, and change in plasma Osmo were similar between iv and Oral; 3) change in plasma norepinephrine decreased less (P < 0.05) in Oral compared with iv at minute 45; 4) changes in plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol were similar between iv and Oral after exercise was initiated; and 5) exercise time was similar between iv (77.4 ± 5.4 min) and Oral (84.2 ± 2.3 min). These data suggest that after exercise-induced dehydration, iv and Oral were equally effective as rehydration treatments. Thermoregulation, change in adrenocorticotropic hormone, and change in cortisol were not different between iv and Oral after exercise began; this is likely due to similar percent change in PV and change in Osmo.