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1 Laboratoire des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives de l'Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay cedex, France; 2 Laboratoire de Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine, 94276 Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; and 3 Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195
Received 17 July 1995; accepted in final form 21 October 1996.
Papelier, Y., P. Escourrou, F. Helloco, and L. B. Rowell.
Muscle chemoreflex alters carotid sinus baroreflex response in
humans. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(2):
577-583, 1997.
The arterial baroreflex opposes pressor responses
to muscle ischemia (muscle chemoreflex). Our experiments sought to
quantify the unknown effects of muscle chemoreflex on carotid sinus
baroreflex (CSB) sensitivity. We generated CSB stimulus-response (S-R)
curves by pulsatile application (triggered by each electrocardiogram R
wave) of positive and negative neck pressure (from 60 to 
80 mmHg
in 20-mmHg steps of 20 s each) in seven normal young men. S-R curves
were obtained at rest (upright), during the last 3 min of upright cycle
ergometer exercise (150 W), and at the first minute of postexercise
recovery with leg circulation free (control). A second study repeated
the same procedures, except that leg circulation was occluded 20 s
before the end of exercise to elicit muscle chemoreflex, and occlusion
was maintained during recovery measurements (~3- to 4-min duration).
S-R curves for CSB were shifted upward and rightward (25 mmHg) to
higher arterial blood pressure (BP) by exercise and less so (10 mmHg) in recovery (free leg flow). Postexercise occlusion (muscle
chemoreflex) raised BP and shifted S-R curves above exercise curves.
CSB gain rose from 0.26 ± 0.06 (control) to 0.44 ± 0.08 (occlusion) during positive neck pressure application and
was reduced from 0.14 ± 0.04 to zero (0.04 ± 0.03) during negative neck pressure. Heart rate responses during
postexercise muscle chemoreflex were not significantly different from
control. Results reveal a nonlinear summation of CSB and muscle
chemoreflex effects on BP. BP-raising capability of muscle chemoreflex
enhances CSB responses to hypotension but overpowers baroreflex
opposition to hypertension.
arterial pressure; reflex sensitivity; autonomic nervous system; resetting; exercise
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