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J Appl Physiol 82: 480-490, 1997;
8750-7587/97 $5.00
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Journal of Applied Physiology
Vol. 82, No. 2, pp. 480-490, February 1997
CONTROL OF BREATHING, CIRCULATION, AND TEMPERATURE

Putative projection of phrenic afferents to the limbic cortex in humans studied with cerebral-evoked potentials

Christian Straus1,2, Marc Zelter2, Jean-Philippe Derenne1, Bernard Pidoux3, Jean-Claude Willer3, and Thomas Similowski1

1 Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Respiratoire du Service de Pneumologie, 2 Service Central d'Explorations Fonctionnelles Respiratoires, and 3 Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles du Système Nerveux, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75651 Paris cédex 13, France

Received 6 September 1995; accepted in final form 15 October 1996.

Straus, Christian, Marc Zelter, Jean-Philippe Derenne, Bernard Pidoux, Jean-Claude Willer, and Thomas Similowski. Putative projection of phrenic afferents to the limbic cortex in humans studied with cerebral-evoked potentials. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(2): 480-490, 1997.---Respiratory sensations may rely in part on cortical integration of respiratory afferent information. In an attempt to study such projections, we recorded evoked potentials at scalp and cervical sites in 10 normal volunteers undergoing transcutaneous phrenic stimulation (0.1-ms square pulses, intensity liminal for diaphragmatic activation, series of 600 shocks at 2 Hz). A negative cerebral component of peak latency (12.79 ± 0.54 ms; N13) was constant, and a negative spinal component (7.09 ± 1.04 ms; N7) could also be recorded, all results being reproducible over time. Monitoring of cardiac frequency, skin anesthesia, and stimulation adjacent to the phrenic nerve made the phrenic origin of N7 and N13 the foremost hypothesis. Increasing stimulation frequency and comparison with median nerve stimulation provided arguments for the neural nature of the signals and their cerebral origin. Recordings from intracerebral electrodes in a patient showed a polarity reversal of the evoked potentials at the level of the cingulate gyrus. In conclusion, phrenic stimulation could allow one to study projections of phrenic afferents to the central nervous system in humans. Their exact site and physiological meaning remain to be clarified.

phrenic nerve; diaphragm; cerebral cortex; respiratory afferents; control of breathing; dyspnea

0161-7567/97 $5.00 Copyright © 1997 the American Physiological Society




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