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J Appl Physiol 82: 262-269, 1997;
8750-7587/97 $5.00
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Journal of Applied Physiology
Vol. 82, No. 1, pp. 262-269, January 1997
EXERCISE AND MUSCLE

Altered fractal dynamics of gait: reduced stride-interval correlations with aging and Huntington's disease

Jeffrey M. Hausdorff1, Susan L. Mitchell1,2, Renée Firtion3, C. K. Peng4, Merit E. Cudkowicz5, Jeanne Y. Wei1, and Ary L. Goldberger3,4

1 Gerontology Division, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston 02115; and Division on Aging, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02115; 2 Hebrew Rehabilitation Center for the Aged, Boston 02131; 3 Biomedical Engineering Department, Boston University, Boston 02215; 4 Cardiovascular Division, Beth Israel Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston 02215; and 5 Neurology Department, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114

Received 10 June 1996; accepted in final form 10 September 1996.

Hausdorff, Jeffrey M., Susan L. Mitchell, Renée Firtion, C. K. Peng, Merit E. Cudkowicz, Jeanne Y. Wei, and Ary L. Goldberger. Altered fractal dynamics of gait: reduced stride-interval correlations with aging and Huntington's disease. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(1): 262-269, 1997.---Fluctuations in the duration of the gait cycle (the stride interval) display fractal dynamics and long-range correlations in healthy young adults. We hypothesized that these stride-interval correlations would be altered by changes in neurological function associated with aging and certain disease states. To test this hypothesis, we compared the stride-interval time series of 1) healthy elderly subjects and young controls and of 2) subjects with Huntington's disease and healthy controls. Using detrended fluctuation analysis, we computed alpha , a measure of the degree to which one stride interval is correlated with previous and subsequent intervals over different time scales. The scaling exponent alpha  was significantly lower in elderly subjects compared with young subjects (elderly: 0.68 ± 0.14; young: 0.87 ± 0.15; P < 0.003). The scaling exponent alpha  was also smaller in the subjects with Huntington's disease compared with disease-free controls (Huntington's disease: 0.60 ± 0.24; controls: 0.88 ± 0.17; P < 0.005). Moreover, alpha  was linearly related to degree of functional impairment in subjects with Huntington's disease (r = 0.78, P < 0.0005). These findings demonstrate that stride-interval fluctuations are more random (i.e., less correlated) in elderly subjects and in subjects with Huntington's disease. Abnormal alterations in the fractal properties of gait dynamics are apparently associated with changes in central nervous system control.

nonlinear dynamics; human locomotion; long-range correlations; power-law scaling

0161-7567/97 $5.00 Copyright © 1997 the American Physiological Society




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