| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
School of Physical and Health Education, Queen's University, and Department of Radiology, Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
Received 8 March 1996; accepted in final form 3 July 1996.
Ross, Robert, John Rissanen, Heather Pedwell, Jennifer
Clifford, and Peter Shragge. Influence of diet and exercise on
skeletal muscle and visceral adipose tissue in men. J. Appl. Physiol. 81(6): 2445-2455, 1996.
The
effects of diet only (DO) and diet combined with either aerobic (DA) or
resistance (DR) exercise on subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), visceral
adipose tissue (VAT), lean tissue (LT), and skeletal muscle (SM) tissue were evaluated in 33 obese men (DO, n = 11; DA, n = 11; DR,
n = 11). All tissues were measured by
using a whole body multislice magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) model.
Within each group, significant reductions were observed for body
weight, SAT, and VAT (P < 0.05). The
reductions in body weight (~10%) and SAT (~25%) and VAT volume (~35%) were not different between groups
(P > 0.05). For all
treatments, the relative reduction in VAT was greater than in SAT
(P < 0.05). For the DA and DR groups
only, the reduction in abdominal SAT (~27%) was greater
(P < 0.05) than that
observed for the gluteal-femoral region (~20%). Conversely, the
reduction in VAT was uniform throughout the abdomen regardless of
treatment (P > 0.05). MRI-LT and
MRI-SM decreased both in the upper and lower body regions for the DO group alone (P < 0.05). Peak
O2 uptake (liters) was
significantly improved (~14%) in the DA group as was muscular
strength (~20%) in the DR group (P < 0.01). These findings indicate that DA and DR result in a greater
preservation of MRI-SM, mobilization of SAT from the abdominal region,
by comparison with the gluteal-femoral region, and improved functional
capacity when compared with DO in obese men.
obesity; magnetic resonance imaging; lean tissue; weight loss
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  S. Mathur, K. P. Takai, D. L MacIntyre, and D. Reid Estimation of Thigh Muscle Mass With Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Older Adults and People With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Physical Therapy, February 1, 2008; 88(2): 219 - 230. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Z. Wang, S. Heshka, A. Pietrobelli, Z. Chen, A. M. Silva, L. B. Sardinha, J. Wang, D. Gallager, and S. B. Heymsfield A New Total Body Potassium Method to Estimate Total Body Skeletal Muscle Mass in Children J. Nutr., August 1, 2007; 137(8): 1988 - 1991. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. A. Williams, W. L. Haskell, P. A. Ades, E. A. Amsterdam, V. Bittner, B. A. Franklin, M. Gulanick, S. T. Laing, and K. J. Stewart Resistance Exercise in Individuals With and Without Cardiovascular Disease: 2007 Update: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association Council on Clinical Cardiology and Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism Circulation, July 31, 2007; 116(5): 572 - 584. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. L Kuk, P. M Janiszewski, and R. Ross Body mass index and hip and thigh circumferences are negatively associated with visceral adipose tissue after control for waist circumference Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2007; 85(6): 1540 - 1544. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. W Demerath, W. Shen, M. Lee, A. C Choh, S. A Czerwinski, R. M Siervogel, and B. Towne Approximation of total visceral adipose tissue with a single magnetic resonance image Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, February 1, 2007; 85(2): 362 - 368. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. J. Delmonico, M. C. Kostek, N. A. Doldo, B. D. Hand, S. Walsh, J. M. Conway, C. R. Carignan, S. M. Roth, and B. F. Hurley Alpha-Actinin-3 (ACTN3) R577X Polymorphism Influences Knee Extensor Peak Power Response to Strength Training in Older Men and Women J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., February 1, 2007; 62(2): 206 - 212. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. W. Braith and K. J. Stewart Resistance Exercise Training: Its Role in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Circulation, June 6, 2006; 113(22): 2642 - 2650. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. J. Delmonico, M. C. Kostek, N. A. Doldo, B. D. Hand, J. A. Bailey, K. M. Rabon-Stith, J. M. Conway, C. R. Carignan, J. Lang, and B. F. Hurley Effects of moderate-velocity strength training on peak muscle power and movement velocity: do women respond differently than men? J Appl Physiol, November 1, 2005; 99(5): 1712 - 1718. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. F. Binder, K. E. Yarasheski, K. Steger-May, D. R. Sinacore, M. Brown, K. B. Schechtman, and J. O. Holloszy Effects of Progressive Resistance Training on Body Composition in Frail Older Adults: Results of a Randomized, Controlled Trial J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., November 1, 2005; 60(11): 1425 - 1431. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Lee, J. L. Kuk, L. E. Davidson, R. Hudson, K. Kilpatrick, T. E. Graham, and R. Ross Exercise without weight loss is an effective strategy for obesity reduction in obese individuals with and without Type 2 diabetes J Appl Physiol, September 1, 2005; 99(3): 1220 - 1225. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. C. Kostek, M. J. Delmonico, J. B. Reichel, S. M. Roth, L. Douglass, R. E. Ferrell, and B. F. Hurley Muscle strength response to strength training is influenced by insulin-like growth factor 1 genotype in older adults J Appl Physiol, June 1, 2005; 98(6): 2147 - 2154. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. L Kuk, S. Lee, S. B Heymsfield, and R. Ross Waist circumference and abdominal adipose tissue distribution: influence of age and sex Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2005; 81(6): 1330 - 1334. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. Giannopoulou, L. L. Ploutz-Snyder, R. Carhart, R. S. Weinstock, B. Fernhall, S. Goulopoulou, and J. A. Kanaley Exercise Is Required for Visceral Fat Loss in Postmenopausal Women with Type 2 Diabetes J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., March 1, 2005; 90(3): 1511 - 1518. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Klein, L. E. Burke, G. A. Bray, S. Blair, D. B. Allison, X. Pi-Sunyer, Y. Hong, and R. H. Eckel Clinical Implications of Obesity With Specific Focus on Cardiovascular Disease: A Statement for Professionals From the American Heart Association Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism: Endorsed by the American College of Cardiology Foundation Circulation, November 2, 2004; 110(18): 2952 - 2967. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Jung Lee, I. Janssen, S. B Heymsfield, and R. Ross Relation between whole-body and regional measures of human skeletal muscle Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, November 1, 2004; 80(5): 1215 - 1221. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Lee, I. Janssen, and R. Ross Interindividual variation in abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue: influence of measurement site J Appl Physiol, September 1, 2004; 97(3): 948 - 954. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Shen, M. Punyanitya, Z. Wang, D. Gallagher, M.-P. St-Onge, J. Albu, S. B Heymsfield, and S. Heshka Visceral adipose tissue: relations between single-slice areas and total volume Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, August 1, 2004; 80(2): 271 - 278. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. Janssen, R. N. Baumgartner, R. Ross, I. H. Rosenberg, and R. Roubenoff Skeletal Muscle Cutpoints Associated with Elevated Physical Disability Risk in Older Men and Women Am. J. Epidemiol., February 15, 2004; 159(4): 413 - 421. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. A. Johnson, J. B. Albu, E. S. Engelson, S. K. Fried, Y. Inada, G. Ionescu, and D. P. Kotler Increased systemic and adipose tissue cytokines in patients with HIV-associated lipodystrophy Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, February 1, 2004; 286(2): E261 - E271. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. D. Jensen, M. G. Sarr, D. A. Dumesic, P. A. Southorn, and J. A. Levine Regional uptake of meal fatty acids in humans Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, December 1, 2003; 285(6): E1282 - E1288. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Shadid and M. D. Jensen Effects of Pioglitazone Versus Diet and Exercise on Metabolic Health and Fat Distribution in Upper Body Obesity Diabetes Care, November 1, 2003; 26(11): 3148 - 3152. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z. Wang, S. Zhu, J. Wang, R. N Pierson Jr, and S. B Heymsfield Whole-body skeletal muscle mass: development and validation of total-body potassium prediction models Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2003; 77(1): 76 - 82. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Ross, J. Freeman, R. Hudson, and I. Janssen Abdominal Obesity, Muscle Composition, and Insulin Resistance in Premenopausal Women J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2002; 87(11): 5044 - 5051. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Janssen, S. B Heymsfield, D. B Allison, D. P Kotler, and R. Ross Body mass index and waist circumference independently contribute to the prediction of nonabdominal, abdominal subcutaneous, and visceral fat Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, April 1, 2002; 75(4): 683 - 688. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Janssen, A. Fortier, R. Hudson, and R. Ross Effects of an Energy-Restrictive Diet With or Without Exercise on Abdominal Fat, Intermuscular Fat, and Metabolic Risk Factors in Obese Women Diabetes Care, March 1, 2002; 25(3): 431 - 438. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. J.O. Joseph, T. A. Trappe, P. A. Farrell, W. W. Campbell, K. E. Yarasheski, C. P. Lambert, and W. J. Evans Short-Term Moderate Weight Loss and Resistance Training Do Not Affect Insulin-Stimulated Glucose Disposal in Postmenopausal Women Diabetes Care, November 1, 2001; 24(11): 1863 - 1869. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. Greer, R. Hudson, R. Ross, and T. Graham Caffeine Ingestion Decreases Glucose Disposal During a Hyperinsulinemic-Euglycemic Clamp in Sedentary Humans Diabetes, October 1, 2001; 50(10): 2349 - 2354. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Malenfant, A. Tremblay, E. Doucet, P. Imbeault, J.-A. Simoneau, and D. R. Joanisse Elevated intramyocellular lipid concentration in obese subjects is not reduced after diet and exercise training Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, April 1, 2001; 280(4): E632 - E639. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. A. Lynch, B. J. Nicklas, D. M. Berman, K. E. Dennis, and A. P. Goldberg Reductions in visceral fat during weight loss and walking are associated with improvements in {V}O2 max J Appl Physiol, January 1, 2001; 90(1): 99 - 104. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. C Lee, Z. Wang, M. Heo, R. Ross, I. Janssen, and S. B Heymsfield Total-body skeletal muscle mass: development and cross-validation of anthropometric prediction models Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, September 1, 2000; 72(3): 796 - 803. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Janssen, S. B. Heymsfield, R. N. Baumgartner, and R. Ross Estimation of skeletal muscle mass by bioelectrical impedance analysis J Appl Physiol, August 1, 2000; 89(2): 465 - 471. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. S. L. Thong, R. Hudson, R. Ross, I. Janssen, and T. E. Graham Plasma leptin in moderately obese men: independent effects of weight loss and aerobic exercise Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, August 1, 2000; 279(2): E307 - E313. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Ross, D. Dagnone, P. J.H. Jones, H. Smith, A. Paddags, R. Hudson, and I. Janssen Reduction in Obesity and Related Comorbid Conditions after Diet-Induced Weight Loss or Exercise-Induced Weight Loss in Men: A Randomized, Controlled Trial Ann Intern Med, July 18, 2000; 133(2): 92 - 103. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Janssen, S. B. Heymsfield, Z. Wang, and R. Ross Skeletal muscle mass and distribution in 468 men and women aged 18-88 yr J Appl Physiol, July 1, 2000; 89(1): 81 - 88. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. H Goodpaster, F L. Thaete, and D. E Kelley Thigh adipose tissue distribution is associated with insulin resistance in obesity and in type 2 diabetes mellitus Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, April 1, 2000; 71(4): 885 - 892. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. J. Ellis Human Body Composition: In Vivo Methods Physiol Rev, April 1, 2000; 80(2): 649 - 680. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. A. Morais, R. Ross, R. Gougeon, P. B. Pencharz, P. J. H. Jones, and E. B. Marliss Distribution of Protein Turnover Changes with Age in Humans as Assessed by Whole-Body Magnetic Resonance Image Analysis to Quantify Tissue Volumes J. Nutr., April 1, 2000; 130(4): 784 - 791. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. B. Hu, R. J. Sigal, J. W. Rich-Edwards, G. A. Colditz, C. G. Solomon, W. C. Willett, F. E. Speizer, and J. E. Manson Walking Compared With Vigorous Physical Activity and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Women: A Prospective Study JAMA, October 20, 1999; 282(15): 1433 - 1439. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. S Engelson, D. P Kotler, Y. Tan, D. Agin, J. Wang, R. N Pierson Jr, and S. B Heymsfield Fat distribution in HIV-infected patients reporting truncal enlargement quantified by whole-body magnetic resonance imaging Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 1999; 69(6): 1162 - 1169. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. R. Sattler, S. V. Jaque, E. T. Schroeder, C. Olson, M. P. Dube, C. Martinez, W. Briggs, R. Horton, and S. Azen Effects of Pharmacological Doses of Nandrolone Decanoate and Progressive Resistance Training in Immunodeficient Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 1999; 84(4): 1268 - 1276. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Gallagher, D. Belmonte, P. Deurenberg, Z. Wang, N. Krasnow, F. X. Pi-Sunyer, and S. B. Heymsfield Organ-tissue mass measurement allows modeling of REE and metabolically active tissue mass Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, August 1, 1998; 275(2): E249 - E258. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Mitsiopoulos, R. N. Baumgartner, S. B. Heymsfield, W. Lyons, D. Gallagher, and R. Ross Cadaver validation of skeletal muscle measurement by magnetic resonance imaging and computerized tomography J Appl Physiol, July 1, 1998; 85(1): 115 - 122. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
