| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Department of Exercise Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-3654
Received 25 May 1995; accepted in final form 10 June 1996.
Higbie, Elizabeth J., Kirk J. Cureton, Gordon L. Warren III,
and Barry M. Prior. Effects of concentric and eccentric training
on muscle strength, cross-sectional area, and neural activation.
J. Appl. Physiol. 81(5):
2173-2181, 1996.
We compared the effects of concentric (Con) and
eccentric (Ecc) isokinetic training on quadriceps muscle strength,
cross-sectional area, and neural activation. Women (age 20.0 ± 0.5 yr) randomly assigned to Con training (CTG;
n = 16), Ecc training (ETG;
n = 19), and control (CG;
n = 19) groups were tested before and
after 10 wk of unilateral Con or Ecc knee-extension training. Average
torque measured during Con and Ecc maximal voluntary knee extensions increased 18.4 and 12.8% for CTG, 6.8 and 36.2% for ETG, and 4.7 and
1.7% for CG, respectively. Increases by CTG and ETG were greater than for CG (P < 0.05). For
CTG, the increase was greater when measured with Con than with Ecc
testing. For ETG, the increase was greater when measured with Ecc than
with Con testing. The increase by ETG with Ecc testing was greater than
the increase by CTG with Con testing. Corresponding changes in the
integrated voltage from an electromyogram measured during strength
testing were 21.7 and 20.0% for CTG, 7.1 and 16.7% for ETG, and
8.0 and 9.1% for CG. Quadriceps cross-sectional area
measured by magnetic resonance imaging (sum of 7 slices) increased more
in ETG (6.6%) than in CTG (5.0%) (P < 0.05). We conclude that Ecc is more effective than Con isokinetic
training for developing strength in Ecc isokinetic muscle actions and
that Con is more effective than Ecc isokinetic training for developing
strength in Con isokinetic muscle actions. Gains in strength consequent
to Con and Ecc training are highly dependent on the muscle action used
for training and testing. Muscle hypertrophy and neural adaptations
contribute to strength increases consequent to both Con and Ecc
training.
electromyography; isokinetic muscle actions; muscle hypertrophy; training specificity; quadriceps muscle; women
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  N. D. Reeves, C. N. Maganaris, S. Longo, and M. V. Narici Differential adaptations to eccentric versus conventional resistance training in older humans Exp Physiol, July 1, 2009; 94(7): 825 - 833. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Miyazaki and K. A. Esser Cellular mechanisms regulating protein synthesis and skeletal muscle hypertrophy in animals J Appl Physiol, April 1, 2009; 106(4): 1367 - 1373. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. K. Stackhouse, S. A. Binder-Macleod, C. A. Stackhouse, J. J. McCarthy, L. A. Prosser, and S. C. K. Lee Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Versus Volitional Isometric Strength Training in Children With Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy: A Preliminary Study Neurorehabil Neural Repair, December 1, 2007; 21(6): 475 - 485. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. J. Blazevich, D. Cannavan, D. R. Coleman, and S. Horne Influence of concentric and eccentric resistance training on architectural adaptation in human quadriceps muscles J Appl Physiol, November 1, 2007; 103(5): 1565 - 1575. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. C. Kostek, Y.-W. Chen, D. J. Cuthbertson, R. Shi, M. J. Fedele, K. A. Esser, and M. J. Rennie Gene expression responses over 24 h to lengthening and shortening contractions in human muscle: major changes in CSRP3, MUSTN1, SIX1, and FBXO32 Physiol Genomics, September 11, 2007; 31(1): 42 - 52. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. M. Heinemeier, J. L. Olesen, P. Schjerling, F. Haddad, H. Langberg, K. M. Baldwin, and M. Kjaer Short-term strength training and the expression of myostatin and IGF-I isoforms in rat muscle and tendon: differential effects of specific contraction types J Appl Physiol, February 1, 2007; 102(2): 573 - 581. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. R. Seynnes, M. de Boer, and M. V. Narici Early skeletal muscle hypertrophy and architectural changes in response to high-intensity resistance training J Appl Physiol, January 1, 2007; 102(1): 368 - 373. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. L. Adkins, J. Boychuk, M. S. Remple, and J. A. Kleim Motor training induces experience-specific patterns of plasticity across motor cortex and spinal cord J Appl Physiol, December 1, 2006; 101(6): 1776 - 1782. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Eliasson, T. Elfegoun, J. Nilsson, R. Kohnke, B. Ekblom, and E. Blomstrand Maximal lengthening contractions increase p70 S6 kinase phosphorylation in human skeletal muscle in the absence of nutritional supply Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, December 1, 2006; 291(6): E1197 - E1205. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. F. Vallejo, E. T. Schroeder, L. Zheng, N. E. Jensky, and F. R. Sattler Cardiopulmonary responses to eccentric and concentric resistance exercise in older adults. Age Ageing, May 1, 2006; 35(3): 291 - 297. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. L Andersen, S P. Magnusson, M. Nielsen, J. Haleem, K. Poulsen, and P. Aagaard Neuromuscular Activation in Conventional Therapeutic Exercises and Heavy Resistance Exercises: Implications for Rehabilitation Physical Therapy, May 1, 2006; 86(5): 683 - 697. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. D. Reeves, M. V. Narici, and C. N. Maganaris Myotendinous plasticity to ageing and resistance exercise in humans Exp Physiol, May 1, 2006; 91(3): 483 - 498. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. J. Cuthbertson, J. Babraj, K. Smith, E. Wilkes, M. J. Fedele, K. Esser, and M. Rennie Anabolic signaling and protein synthesis in human skeletal muscle after dynamic shortening or lengthening exercise Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, April 1, 2006; 290(4): E731 - E738. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. R. Moore, S. M. Phillips, J. A. Babraj, K. Smith, and M. J. Rennie Myofibrillar and collagen protein synthesis in human skeletal muscle in young men after maximal shortening and lengthening contractions Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, June 1, 2005; 288(6): E1153 - E1159. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. N. Shepstone, J. E. Tang, S. Dallaire, M. D. Schuenke, R. S. Staron, and S. M. Phillips Short-term high- vs. low-velocity isokinetic lengthening training results in greater hypertrophy of the elbow flexors in young men J Appl Physiol, May 1, 2005; 98(5): 1768 - 1776. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. K. Barry and R. G. Carson The Consequences of Resistance Training for Movement Control in Older Adults J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., July 1, 2004; 59(7): M730 - M754. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. R. Adams, D. C. Cheng, F. Haddad, and K. M. Baldwin Skeletal muscle hypertrophy in response to isometric, lengthening, and shortening training bouts of equivalent duration J Appl Physiol, May 1, 2004; 96(5): 1613 - 1618. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Munn, R. D. Herbert, and S. C. Gandevia Contralateral effects of unilateral resistance training: a meta-analysis J Appl Physiol, May 1, 2004; 96(5): 1861 - 1866. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Lee, E. R. Barton, H. L. Sweeney, and R. P. Farrar Viral expression of insulin-like growth factor-I enhances muscle hypertrophy in resistance-trained rats J Appl Physiol, March 1, 2004; 96(3): 1097 - 1104. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y.-W. Chen, M. J. Hubal, E. P. Hoffman, P. D. Thompson, and P. M. Clarkson Molecular responses of human muscle to eccentric exercise J Appl Physiol, December 1, 2003; 95(6): 2485 - 2494. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. E. Hurst and R. H. Fitts Hindlimb unloading-induced muscle atrophy and loss of function: protective effect of isometric exercise J Appl Physiol, October 1, 2003; 95(4): 1405 - 1417. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N Gleeson, R Eston, V Marginson, M McHugh, and S R Bird Effects of prior concentric training on eccentric exercise induced muscle damage * Commentary Br. J. Sports Med., April 1, 2003; 37(2): 119 - 125. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J P Folland, C S Irish, J C Roberts, J E Tarr, D A Jones, and A Williams Fatigue is not a necessary stimulus for strength gains during resistance training * Commentary Br. J. Sports Med., October 1, 2002; 36(5): 370 - 373. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Aagaard, J. L Andersen, P. Dyhre-Poulsen, A.-M. Leffers, A. Wagner, S P. Magnusson, J. Halkjaer-Kristensen, and E. B Simonsen A mechanism for increased contractile strength of human pennate muscle in response to strength training: changes in muscle architecture J. Physiol., July 15, 2001; 534(2): 613 - 623. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Aagaard, E. B. Simonsen, J. L. Andersen, S. P. Magnusson, J. Halkjar-Kristensen, and P. Dyhre-Poulsen Neural inhibition during maximal eccentric and concentric quadriceps contraction: effects of resistance training J Appl Physiol, December 1, 2000; 89(6): 2249 - 2257. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Takarada, H. Takazawa, Y. Sato, S. Takebayashi, Y. Tanaka, and N. Ishii Effects of resistance exercise combined with moderate vascular occlusion on muscular function in humans J Appl Physiol, June 1, 2000; 88(6): 2097 - 2106. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Hakkinen, M. Kallinen, M. Izquierdo, K. Jokelainen, H. Lassila, E. Malkia, W. J. Kraemer, R. U. Newton, and M. Alen Changes in agonist-antagonist EMG, muscle CSA, and force during strength training in middle-aged and older people J Appl Physiol, April 1, 1998; 84(4): 1341 - 1349. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. A. Maffiuletti, M. Pensini, and A. Martin Activation of human plantar flexor muscles increases after electromyostimulation training J Appl Physiol, April 1, 2002; 92(4): 1383 - 1392. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
