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Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0084
Received 14 December 1995; accepted in final form 12 July 1996.
Hong, Ju-Lun, and Lu-Yuan Lee. Cigarette smoke-induced
bronchoconstriction: causative agents and role of thromboxane receptors. J. Appl. Physiol. 81(5):
2053-2059, 1996.
Inhalation of cigarette smoke induces a biphasic
bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs: the first phase is induced by a
combination of cholinergic reflex and tachykinins, whereas the second
phase involves cyclooxygenase metabolites (J.-L. Hong, I. W. Rodger,
and L.-Y. Lee. J. Appl. Physiol. 78:
2260-2266, 1995). This study was carried out to further determine
the causative agents in the smoke and the types of prostanoid receptors
and endogenous prostanoids mediating the bronchoconstriction. Inhalation of 10 ml of high-nicotine cigarette smoke consistently elicited the biphasic bronchoconstriction in anesthetized and artificially ventilated guinea pigs. Pretreatment with hexamethonium (10 mg/kg iv) significantly reduced the first-phase bronchoconstriction but did not have any measurable effect on the second-phase response. In
sharp contrast, gas-phase smoke did not elicit any bronchoconstrictive effect. Furthermore, when the animals were challenged with low-nicotine cigarette smoke, only a single second-phase response was evoked, accompanied by increases in thromboxane (Tx)
B2 (a stable metabolite of
TxA2), prostaglandin (PG)
D2,
PGF2
in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The bronchoconstrictive response induced by low-nicotine smoke was completely prevented by pretreatment with SQ-29548 (0.3 mg/kg
iv), a TxA2-receptor antagonist.
These results indicate that 1)
nicotine is the primary causative agent responsible for the first-phase
bronchoconstriction and 2)
nonnicotine smoke particulates evoke the release of
TxA2,
PGD2, and
PGF2, which act on
TxA2 receptors on airway smooth
muscles and induce the second-phase response to cigarette smoke.
hexamethonium; SQ-29548; tachykinins; guinea pigs; prostaglandins
This article has been cited by other articles:
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 Z.-X. WU, D. ZHOU, G. CHEN, and L.-Y. LEE Airway Hyperresponsiveness to Cigarette Smoke in Ovalbumin-sensitized Guinea Pigs Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., January 1, 2000; 161(1): 73 - 80. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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 T. Ishikawa, S.-I. Sekizawa, F. B. Sant'Ambrogio, and G. Sant'Ambrogio Larynx vs. esophagus as reflexogenic sites for acid-induced bronchoconstriction in dogs J Appl Physiol, April 1, 1999; 86(4): 1226 - 1230. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 M. Iida, H. Iida, S. Dohi, M. Takenaka, H. Fujiwara, and R. J. Traystman Mechanisms Underlying Cerebrovascular Effects of Cigarette Smoking in Rats In Vivo • Editorial Comment Stroke, August 1, 1998; 29(8): 1656 - 1665. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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Z.-X. Wu, R. F. Morton, and L.-Y. Lee Role of tachykinins in ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness to cigarette smoke in guinea pigs J Appl Physiol, September 1, 1997; 83(3): 958 - 965. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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