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Department of Physiology, Dartmouth Medical School, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756
St. John, Walter M. Medullary regions for neurogenesis
of gasping: noeud vital or noeuds vitals? J. Appl.
Physiol. 81(5): 1865-1877, 1996.
Gasping is
a critical mechanism for survival in that it serves as a mechanism for
autoresuscitation when eupnea fails. Eupnea and gasping are separable
patterns of automatic ventilatory activity in all mammalian species
from the day of birth. The neurogenesis of the gasp is dependent on the
discharge of neurons in the rostroventral medulla. This gasping center
overlaps a region termed "the pre-Bötzinger complex."
Neuronal activities of this complex, characterized in an in vitro brain
stem spinal cord preparation of the neonatal rat, have been
hypothesized to underlie respiratory rhythm generation. Yet, the
rhythmic activity of this in vitro preparation is markedly different
from eupnea but identical with gasping in vivo. In eupnea, medullary
neuronal activities generating the gasp and the identical rhythm of the in vitro preparation are incorporated into a portion of the
pontomedullary circuit defining eupneic ventilatory activity. However,
these medullary neuronal activities do not appear critical for the
neurogenesis of eupnea, per se.
eupnea; in vitro; in vivo; medulla; pons
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M. Iizuka Intercostal expiratory activity in an in vitro brainstem-spinal cord-rib preparation from the neonatal rat J. Physiol., October 1, 1999; 520(1): 293 - 302. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. St-Jacques and W. M St-John Transient, reversible apnoea following ablation of the pre-Botzinger complex in rats J. Physiol., October 1, 1999; 520(1): 303 - 314. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 S. CORNE, K. WEBSTER, G. MCGINN, W. ST.- JOHN, and M. YOUNES Medullary Metastasis Causing Impairment of Respiratory Pressure Output with Intact Respiratory Rhythm Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., January 1, 1999; 159(1): 315 - 320. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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S. M. Johnson, R. A. Johnson, and G. S. Mitchell Hypoxia, temperature, and pH/CO2 effects on respiratory discharge from a turtle brain stem preparation J Appl Physiol, February 1, 1998; 84(2): 649 - 660. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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R J A Wilson, K Vasilakos, M B Harris, C Straus, and J E Remmers Evidence that ventilatory rhythmogenesis in the frog involves two distinct neuronal oscillators J. Physiol., April 15, 2002; 540(2): 557 - 570. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 S. DAUGER, F. GUIMIOT, S. RENOLLEAU, B. LEVACHER, B. BODA, C. MAS, V. NEPOTE, M. SIMONNEAU, C. GAULTIER, and J. GALLEGO MASH-1/RET pathway involvement in development of brain stem control of respiratory frequency in newborn mice Physiol Genomics, December 21, 2001; 7(2): 149 - 157. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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