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J Appl Physiol 80: 62-68, 1996;
8750-7587/96 $5.00
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Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol 80, Issue 1 62-68, Copyright © 1996 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Disparity between tidal and static volumes of immature lungs treated with reconstituted surfactants

T. Kobayashi, W. Z. Li, K. Tashiro, R. Takahashi, Y. Waseda, K. Yamamoto and Y. Suzuki
Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Kanazawa University, Japan.

We biologically assessed functions of several reconstituted surfactants with the same minimum surface tension (2-3 mN/m) as "complete" porcine pulmonary surfactant (natural surfactant) but with longer surface adsorption times. Administration of natural surfactant (adsorption time 0.29 s) into the lungs of surfactant-deficient immature rabbits brought a tidal volume of 16.1 +/- 4.4 (SD) ml/kg during mechanical ventilation with 40 breaths/min and 20 cmH2O insufflation pressure. In static pressure-volume recordings, these animals showed a lung volume of 62.4 +/- 9.7 ml/kg at 30 cmH2O airway pressure and maintained 55% of this volume when the pressure decreased to 5 cmH2O. With two reconstituted surfactants consisting of synthetic lipids or isolated lipids from porcine lungs plus surfactant-associated hydrophobic proteins (adsorption times 0.57 and 0.78 s, respectively), tidal volumes were < 38% of that with natural surfactant (P < 0.05), but static pressure-volume recordings were not different. Care is therefore needed in estimating the in vivo function of surfactant preparations from minimum surface tension or static pressure-volume measurements.


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