Journal of Applied Physiology
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J Appl Physiol 79: 1895-1899, 1995;
8750-7587/95 $5.00
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Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol 79, Issue 6 1895-1899, Copyright © 1995 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Perfusion through vessels open in zone 1 contributes to gas exchange in rabbit lungs in situ

W. J. Lamm, T. Obermiller, M. P. Hlastala and R. K. Albert
Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98104, USA.

We previously found that up to 15% of the normal cardiac output can flow through lungs that are entirely in zone 1 and that the zone 1 pathway utilizes alveolar corner vessels. Because of the proximity of these vessels to alveoli, we hypothesized that lungs perfused under zone 1 conditions would exchange gas. We used the multiple inert gas elimination technique to assess the ventilation-perfusion (VA/Q) distribution under zones 1 and 2 in six rabbit lungs perfused with tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane-buffered Tyrode solution containing 1% albumin, 4% dextran, and papaverine (25 mg/l). High-frequency oscillation (tidal volume = 2.8 ml at 20 Hz, bias flow = 1 l/min) kept alveolar pressure (PA) nearly constant at 10 or 20 cmH2O. Pulmonary arterial pressure was set 2.5 cmH2O below or 5 cmH2O above PA (zones 1 and 2, respectively). Pulmonary venous pressure was kept at 0 cmH2O, with zero reference being the bottom of the lung. At PA of 10 cmH2O, flow was 64 +/- 40 and 5 +/- 3 ml/min (P < 0.05) and the mean VA/Q for perfusion was 1.1 +/- 0.4 and > 5 (P < 0.05) in zones 2 and 1, respectively. At PA of 20 cmH2O, flow was 89 +/- 36 and 22 +/- 13 ml/min (P < 0.05) and the mean VA/Q for perfusion was 0.8 +/- 0.3 and 3.7 +/- 2.4 (P < 0.05) in zones 2 and 1, respectively. Shunt averaged < 5% of total flow in all conditions. Blood flowing through vessels remaining open under zone 1 conditions 1) exchanges gas, 2) does not occur through anatomic or physiological shunts, and 3) may explain the high VA/Q seen with positive end-expiratory pressure.


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Left Atrial Pressure Can Be Accurately Transmitted to the Pulmonary Artery despite Zone 1 Conditions
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., April 1, 2003; 167(7): 1016 - 1020.
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Effect of zonal conditions and posture on pulmonary blood flow distribution to subpleural and interior lung
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