Journal of Applied Physiology
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J Appl Physiol 77: 262-269, 1994;
8750-7587/94 $5.00
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Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol 77, Issue 1 262-269, Copyright © 1994 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Contributions of thromboxane and leukotrienes to PAF-induced impairment of lung function in the rat

S. Uhlig, L. Wollin and A. Wendel
Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, University of Konstanz, Germany.

This study was carried out to further clarify the role of eicosanoids in platelet-activating factor (PAF)-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction, bronchoconstriction, and edema formation in the isolated perfused rat lung. Infusion of PAF into the isolated perfused rat lung caused vasoconstriction [mean effective concn (EC50) = 0.88 nmol], caused bronchoconstriction (EC50 = 0.71 nmol), and increased the capillary filtration coefficient (EC50 = 1.4 nmol). Two minutes after injection of 50 nmol PAF, a high thromboxane concentration (3,000 pg/ml) and a low peptidoleukotriene concentration (150 pg/ml) were found in the effluent perfusate. PAF-induced vaso- and bronchoconstriction were unaffected by the non-redox 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor ZM-230,487 but were markedly attenuated by inhibition of cyclooxygenase with acetylsalicylic acid or thromboxane-receptor antagonism with BM-13177. Dual inhibition of cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase had the most pronounced inhibitory effect on PAF-induced vaso- and bronchoconstriction. None of the inhibitors tested prevented the increase in vascular permeability. We conclude that thromboxane is the major vasoconstrictor and bronchoconstrictor induced by PAF, whereas leukotrienes contribute a significant but minor part in this system. PAF-induced microvascular permeability was not inhibited by blockade of arachidonate metabolism and therefore seems to be mediated by a mechanism independent of eicosanoids.


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