Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol 75, Issue 4 1637-1641, Copyright © 1993 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Prediction of body composition in premenopausal females from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

N. J. Hansen, T. G. Lohman, S. B. Going, M. C. Hall, R. W. Pamenter, L. A. Bare, T. W. Boyden and L. B. Houtkooper
Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721.

Four methods for predicting body composition were compared in premenopausal females (n = 100), 28-39 yr old, by using underwater weighing (UWW) as the criterion method. The four methods were dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), skinfolds, bioelectrical impedance, and body mass index. The sample had a mean percent fat (%fat) of 29.7 +/- 6.8% (SD) by DEXA and 29.9 +/- 5.8% measured by UWW. DEXA yielded a standard error of estimate (SE) of 2.4% (r = 0.91) for the prediction of %fat from UWW. When %fat was estimated from other methods, larger SEs were obtained: 3.0% for skin-folds, 3.3% for body mass index, and 2.9% for bioelectrical impedance (height2/resistance) plus weight. Individual body density values derived from UWW were corrected for bone mineral variation. DEXA predicted the corrected body density with a lower SE (0.0040 vs. 0.0053 g/ml) than the original density values. We conclude that DEXA was a precise method and correlated highly with fat-free body weight and %fat from UWW in this homogeneous female sample.

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