Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol 74, Issue 5 2253-2260, Copyright © 1993 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Effects of acute sleep deprivation on control of the diaphragm during REM sleep in cats

S. C. Veasey, J. C. Hendricks, L. R. Kline and A. I. Pack
Department of Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-4283.

Recently, investigators demonstrated that acute sleep deprivation in healthy subjects results in significant periodic decrements in ventilation during recovery rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep. The neural bases of such phenomena are unknown. The decrements in ventilation coincide with REM sleep-associated phasic activities, such as bursts of eye movements. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of acute sleep deprivation on control of diaphragm activity during recovery REM sleep. In chronically implanted, naturally sleeping, unrestrained cats, we recorded the electroencephalogram, electrooculogram, pontogeniculooccipital waves, neck and diaphragmatic electromyograms, and the computed moving average of the diaphragm. Acute sleep deprivation resulted in an increase in REM sleep-associated phasic alterations in diaphragmatic control during recovery REM sleep. There was an increase in the percentage of bursts during recovery REM sleep with reduced inspiratory drive. Acute sleep deprivation resulted in a substantial increase in the number of brief pauses (fractionations) in diaphragmatic activity during recovery REM sleep. Respiratory timing was also affected by sleep deprivation, with a reduced expiratory time resulting in an increased duty cycle ratio. There was a significant increase in the percentage of bursts with decremented peak amplitude of the moving average of the diaphragm, a measure that correlates with tidal volume. Despite significant increases in respiratory-related phasic alterations, there were no parallel increases in excitatory phenomena, i.e., eye movements or pontogeniculooccipital waves. These results imply that respiratory control mechanisms in REM sleep are sensitive to the effects of prior sleep deprivation.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				L. S. Doherty, P. Nolan, and W. T. McNicholas Effects of topical anesthesia on upper airway resistance during wake-sleep transitions J Appl Physiol, August 1, 2005; 99(2): 549 - 555. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. McGinty, A. Metes, Md. N. Alam, D. Megirian, D. Stewart, and R. Szymusiak Preoptic hypothalamic warming suppresses laryngeal dilator activity during sleep Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, June 1, 2004; 286(6): R1129 - R1137. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. J. Brennick, M. D. Ogilvie, S. S. Margulies, L. Hiller, W. B. Gefter, and A. I. Pack MRI study of regional variations of pharyngeal wall compliance in cats J Appl Physiol, November 1, 1998; 85(5): 1884 - 1897. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. A. Smith, K. S. Henderson, L. Xi, C.-M. Chow, P. R. Eastwood, and J. A. Dempsey Neural-mechanical coupling of breathing in REM sleep J Appl Physiol, December 1, 1997; 83(6): 1923 - 1932. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]