Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol 74, Issue 3 1256-1264, Copyright © 1993 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Lung function and surfactant distribution in saline-lavaged sheep given instilled vs. nebulized surfactant

J. F. Lewis, B. Tabor, M. Ikegami, A. H. Jobe, M. Joseph and D. Absolom
Lawson Research Institute, St. Joseph's Health Centre, Department of Medicine, London, Ontario, Canada.

Adult sheep (35 +/- 3 kg) underwent saline lung lavage and 1.5 h of mechanical ventilation to induce acute lung injury. Animals received 100 mg lipid/kg body wt of tracheally instilled surfactant (Inst Surf) or either nebulized surfactant (Neb Surf) or nebulized saline (Neb Saline) and were killed 3 h later. Inst Surf and Neb Surf groups had significant improvements in oxygenation (P < 0.01) and peak inspiratory pressures (PIP) (P < 0.05) compared with pretreatment values. Improvements in oxygenation and PIP for Inst Surf animals were significantly greater than for Neb Surf animals (P < 0.05). Volumes of maximal pressure of quasi-static pressure-volume curves measured at the time the animals were killed were significantly greater for Inst Surf and Neb Surf animals than for animals given Neb Saline (P < 0.05). Alveolar recovery of exogenous surfactant was 100 times greater for Inst Surf animals (1,732 +/- 70 mg) than for Neb Surf animals (15.3 +/- 2.9 mg) at the time they were killed. Although there were no differences in exogenous surfactant distribution patterns at the lobar level between the two surfactant-treated groups, distribution histograms calculated for 10-g lung pieces revealed the Neb Surf animals had significantly more pieces within 25% of the mean value of 1.0 (42.7 +/- 6.9%) than did Inst Surf animals (20.8 +/- 5.5%) (P < 0.01). Exogenous surfactant therapy improved lung function with significantly different quantities of surfactant deposited in lung tissue for the two delivery methods evaluated.

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