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J Appl Physiol 70: 584-589, 1991;
8750-7587/91 $5.00
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Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol 70, Issue 2 584-589, Copyright © 1991 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Positive-pressure ventilation alters blood-to-brain and blood-to-CSF transport in neonatal pigs

R. Mirro, C. W. Leffler, W. M. Armstead and D. W. Busija
Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee, Memphis 38163.

These experiments examine the transfer of sucrose, urea, sodium, and albumin from blood to brain in new-born pigs exposed to an increase in ventilation pressure. We also studied the movement of urea and sodium from blood to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). By use of a standard time-cycled pressure-limited infant respirator, mean airway pressure (Paw) was increased from approximately 3 to 17 cmH2O. Urea and albumin transfer into the brain were unchanged with increased Paw. Sodium transport decreased significantly in all brain regions, while sucrose transfer was increased in the cerebrum [transfer constant (Kin) = 3.5 +/- 0.04 vs. 9.9 +/- 1.0 cm3.g-1.s-1.10(6)] at the increased Paw. Transport of urea nd sodium from blood to CSF decreased to half of control values with increased Paw. Thus, in newborn pigs, increasing Paw selectively alters blood-to-brain transport. In addition, movement of tracers from blood to CSF was severely restricted, possibly by a decrease in CSF production. It appears likely that the increased cerebral venous pressure causes the observed changes in tracer transport. Such altered blood-to-brain transport could adversely affect neuronal function.


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B. S. Stonestreet, A. J. McKnight, G. Sadowska, K. H. Petersson, J. M. Oen, and C. S. Patlak
Effects of duration of positive-pressure ventilation on blood-brain barrier function in premature lambs
J Appl Physiol, May 1, 2000; 88(5): 1672 - 1677.
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