Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol 67, Issue 2 688-693, Copyright © 1989 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Surfactant replacement attenuates the increase in alveolar permeability in hyperoxia

P. C. Engstrom, B. A. Holm and S. Matalon
Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35233.

Rabbits exposed to hyperoxia develop surfactant deficiency, abnormal lung mechanics, and increased permeability to solute. We investigated whether replenishment of depleted alveolar surfactant by the intratracheal instillation of calf lung surfactant extract (CLSE) would mitigate the increase in alveolar permeability to solute. Twenty-eight rabbits were exposed to 100% O2 for 72 h and received intratracheal instillations of 125 mg CLSE (approximately 170 mumol dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine) at 24 and 48 h. The interlobar and intralobar distribution of CLSE was quantified by adding [14C]dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine liposes into the instillate and measuring the levels of activity in lung tissue. CLSE was nonuniformly distributed in the different lung lobes, the right lower lobe receiving more CLSE than the rest. Alveolar epithelial permeability to solute was assessed by instilling 10 ml isotonic saline, which contained a trace amount of [57Co]cyanocobalamin, in the right lower lobe and measuring the disappearance of the tracer from the alveolar saline and its appearance in the arterial blood during a 1-h period. CLSE treatment was associated with significantly increased 72-h survival in hyperoxia compared with saline-treated controls (number of survivors: 16/17 vs. 5/11, P less than 0.01). CLSE treatment significantly reduced the rate constant for the movement of cyanocobalamin out of the alveolar space (24 +/- 5 vs. 42 +/- 6 min-1 x 10(-3), P less than 0.01) and tracer appearance in the blood at the end of the study (7 +/- 1 vs. 34 +/- 13%, P less than 0.01) when compared with values in saline controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

This article has been cited by other articles:

				T.C. Bailey, C. Cavanagh, S. Mehta, J.F. Lewis, and R.A.W. Veldhuizen Sepsis and hyperoxia effects on the pulmonary surfactant system in wild-type and iNOS knockout mice Eur. Respir. J., July 1, 2002; 20(1): 177 - 182. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. W. White, K. E. Greene, C. B. Allen, and J. M. Shannon Elevated Expression of Surfactant Proteins in Newborn Rats during Adaptation to Hyperoxia Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., July 1, 2001; 25(1): 51 - 59. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. F. Allred, R. R. Mercer, R. F. Thomas, H. Deng, and R. L. Auten Brief 95% O2 exposure effects on surfactant protein and mRNA in rat alveolar and bronchiolar epithelium Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, June 1, 1999; 276(6): L999 - L1009. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Matthew, R. Pun, M. Simonich, H. Iwamoto, and J. Dedman Cyclosporin A protects lung function from hyperoxic damage Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, May 1, 1999; 276(5): L786 - L795. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. LUTZ, D. CARNEY, C. FINCK, A. PICONE, L. A. GATTO, A. PASKANIK, E. LANGENBACK, and G. NIEMAN Aerosolized Surfactant Improves Pulmonary Function in Endotoxin-induced Lung Injury Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., September 1, 1998; 158(3): 840 - 845. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. P. Zheng, R. S. Du, and B. E. Goodman Effects of acute hyperoxic exposure on solute fluxes across the blood-gas barrier in rat lungs J Appl Physiol, January 1, 1997; 82(1): 240 - 247. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. ITO, S. E. E. MANWELL, C. L. KERR, R. A. W. VELDHUIZEN, L.-J. YAO, D. BJARNESON, L. A. MCCAIG, A. J. BARTLETT, and J. F. LEWIS Effects of Ventilation Strategies on the Efficacy of Exogenous Surfactant Therapy in a Rabbit Model of Acute Lung Injury Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., January 1, 1997; 157(1): 149 - 155. [Abstract] [Full Text]