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J Appl Physiol 66: 1846-1851, 1989;
8750-7587/89 $5.00
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Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol 66, Issue 4 1846-1851, Copyright © 1989 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Effect of exogenous surfactant instillation on experimental acute lung injury

J. D. Harris, F. Jackson Jr, M. A. Moxley and W. J. Longmore
E.A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry, St. Louis University School of Medicine, Missouri 63104.

Pulmonary surfactant replacement has previously been shown to be effective in the human neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. The value of surfactant replacement in models of acute lung injury other than quantitative surfactant deficiency states is, however, uncertain. In this study an acute lung injury model using rats with chronic indwelling arterial catheters, injured with N-nitroso-N-methylurethane (NNNMU), has been developed. The NNNMU injury was found to produce hypoxia, increased mortality, an alveolitis, and alterations in the pulmonary surfactant system. Alterations of surfactant obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage included a reduction in the phospholipid-to-protein ratio, reduced surface activity, and alterations in the relative percentages of the individual phospholipids compared with controls. Treatment of the NNNMU-injured rats with instilled exogenous surfactant (Survanta) improved oxygenation; reduced mortality to control values; and returned the surfactant phospholipid-to-protein ratio, surface activity, and, with the exception of phosphatidylglycerol, the relative percentages of individual surfactant phospholipids to control values.


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