Journal of Applied Physiology
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J Appl Physiol 64: 2366-2371, 1988;
8750-7587/88 $5.00
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Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol 64, Issue 6 2366-2371, Copyright © 1988 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Corticosteroid potentiation of surfactant dose response in preterm rabbits

S. Seidner, A. Pettenazzo, M. Ikegami and A. Jobe
Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance 90509.

Fetal rabbits were treated with corticosteroids by maternal administration for 48 h before delivery at 27 days gestational age. Both corticosteroid-treated and control animals then received exogenous natural rabbit surfactant at birth at doses of 0-75 mg lipid/kg. After 10 min of ventilation at tidal volumes of 12-15 ml/kg, static pressure-volume measurements were made. At all surfactant doses there was a significantly higher maximal lung volume, higher dynamic compliance, and lower pressure requirement in the corticosteroid-treated than in the control rabbits (P less than 0.01). Control animals showed incremental improvements in dynamic compliances and maximal lung volumes up to a dose of 50 mg/kg, whereas corticosteroid treated animals improved to a maximum at the low dose of 15 mg/kg (P less than 0.01). However, surface tension as assessed by lung stability index improved with increasing surfactant dose but was not significantly different between corticosteroid-treated and control animals at a given dose. The results imply that maternal corticosteroid treatment potentiates surfactant replacement by a change in lung structure that is independent of surface tension effects.


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