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J Appl Physiol 49: 715-721, 1980;
8750-7587/80 $5.00
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Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol 49, Issue 4 715-721, Copyright © 1980 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Effect of hydration state of circulatory and thermal regulations

E. R. Nadel, S. M. Fortney and C. B. Wenger

To determine the influence of hydration state upon circulatory controls, we studied four relatively fit subjects during duplicate 30-min cycle ergometer exercise bouts (55% VO2max) in euhydrated, hypohydrated, and hyperhydrated conditions. Ambient temperature was 35 degrees C. Hypohydration was achieved by 4 days of diuretic administration and resulted in a whole-body weight loss of 2.2 kg and a plasma volume decrease of approximately 700 ml. Hyperhydration was achieved by ADH administration plus ingestion of 2 liters water but caused only a minor increase volume. Hypohydration resulted in a significantly reduced cardiac output during exercise; this the result of a reduction in stroke volume of 17 ml.beat-1 without adequate elevation in heart rate. the internal temperature (Tes) threshold for cutaneous vasodilation was elevated by 0.42 degree C in hypohydrated conditions; but once vasodilation occurred, the slope of the arm blood flow:Tes relation was unchanged from control. Maximal arm blood flow was reduced by nearly 50% in hypohydration. These restrictions in cutaneous blood flow served to maintain an already compromised venous return, but due to the limitation of core-to-skin heat transfer, forced Tes to nearly 39 degrees C, significantly higher than in euhydrated conditions.


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