Journal of Applied Physiology
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J Appl Physiol 43: 126-132, 1977;
8750-7587/77 $5.00
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Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol 43, Issue 1 126-132, Copyright © 1977 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Effects of exercise on fluid exchange and body composition in man during 14-day bed rest

J. E. Greenleaf, E. M. Bernauer, L. T. Juhos, H. L. Young, J. T. Morse and R. W. Staley

To determine the cause of the body weight loss during bed rest (BR), fluid balance and anthropometric measurements were taken from seven men (19-21 yr) during three 2-wk BR periods which were separated by 3-wk ambulatory recovery periods. Caloric intake was 3,073 +/- 155 (SD) kcal/day. During two of the three BR periods they performed supine isotonic exercise at 68% of VO2max on the ergometer for 1 h/day; or supine isometric exercise at 21% of maximal leg extension force for 1 min followed by a 1-min rest for 1 h/day. No prescribed exercise was given during the other BR period. During BR, body weight decreased slightly with no exercise (-0.43 kg, NS), but decreased significantly (P less than 0.05) by -0.91 kg with isometric and by -1.77 kg with isotonic exercise. About one-third of the weight reduction with isotonic exercise was due to fat loss (-0.69 kg) and, the remainder, to loss of lean body mass (-0.98 kg). It is concluded that the reduction in body weight during bed rest has two major components: First, a loss of lean body mass caused by assumption of the horizontal body position that is independent of the metabolic rate. Second, a loss of body fat content that is proportional to the metabolic rate.


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