Journal of Applied Physiology
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J Appl Physiol 39: 665-671, 1975;
8750-7587/75 $5.00
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Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol 39, Issue 4 665-671, Copyright © 1975 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Dynamic stiffness profiles in the left ventricle

A. Kennish, E. Yellin and R. W. Frater

Diastolic pressure-volume (P-V) curves were calculated on a beat-to-beat basis in the open-chest, pentobarbital-anesthetized dog, using the technique of direct transmitral flow measurement previously described. P-V curves were constructed and the slope (dP/dV) was plotted vs. pressure and time. dP/dV was used as an index of stiffness in each heart and its instantaneous changes with time were followed throughout the diastolic period. The end-diastolic P-V relation based on points from successive cycles during volume loading was found to be exponential. In contrast, the instantaneous P-V relation during any one diastolic period was not exponential. That is, the dynamic dP/dV vs. pressure plot was nonlinear. In the normal heart, stiffness was characterized in early diastole by a negative dP/dV as the ventricle continued to relax, and then frequently decreased prior to a second stiffness rise with atrial augmentation. These findings can be explained by a model containing an element whose deformation is rate dependent, i.e., a parallel viscous element. Stiffness profiles in mitral stenosis where dynamic effects are minimized substantiate this conclusion.


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