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J Appl Physiol 15: 363-371, 1960;
8750-7587/60 $5.00
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Dead-space ventilation as a determinant in the ventilation-perfusion concept

Benjamin B. Ross 1 and Leon E. Farhi 1

1 Department of Physiology, University of Oregon Medical School, Portland, Oregon; Department of Physiology, The University of Buffalo School of Medicine, Buffalo, New York; and Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel

Gas exchange in an alveolus is affected by the redistribution of dead-space gas during inspiration. Theoretical analysis of the total ventilation of an alveolus permits the description of several new concepts. a) The gas inspired by an alveolus may be identified on a PCO2-PO2 diagram as any point within an area formed by the alveolar ventilation-perfusion curve and a straight line drawn through the environmental and mixed venous points. b) The composition of gas in an alveolus may lie anywhere within this area and an additional area above the conventional curve. c) The actual ratio of exchange in an alveolus is identified by the blood R line passing through the alveolar point. The ratio of exchange between alveolus and environment is not necessarily the same as the blood R. d) The total ventilation-perfusion ratio compatible with a given alveolar gas composition is a variable quantity. e) The rebreathing of dead-space gas has a buffering action in limiting the range of gas compositions possible in alveoli.

Submitted on November 30, 1959




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