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INNOVATIVE METHODOLOGY

INNOVATIVE METHODOLOGIES

Dynamic arterial blood gas analysis in conscious, unrestrained C57BL/6J mice during exposure to intermittent hypoxia

Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Rodent models of chronic intermittent hypoxia (IH) are commonly used to investigate the pathophysiological sequelae that result from hypoxic exposure in patients experiencing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Despite the widespread use of IH models, little attention has been paid to carefully defining the degree of oxyhemoglobin desaturation that occurs during each hypoxic period. Therefore, we developed a rapid blood sampling technique to determine the arterial blood gas changes that occur in conscious unrestrained mice during a single IH event and hypothesized that the arterial PO₂ (Pa_O2) at the nadir level of the inspired oxygen profile causes oxyhemoglobin saturation to fall to between 80% and 90%. Mice were exposed to 120–180 cycles of IH at a rate of 60 cycles/h, and arterial blood samples were withdrawn (<3 s) at baseline and at 10-s time intervals over the course of a single IH cycle. The IH regimen caused a decline in the fraction of inspired oxygen from room air levels to a transient nadir of 6.0 ± 0.2% over the 30-s hypoxic period. The Pa_O2 and arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation reached a nadir of 47 ± 2 mmHg and 85 ± 2% at 30 s, respectively. Arterial PCO₂ decreased to a nadir of 26 ± 2 mmHg at 30 s, associated with a rise in arterial pH to 7.46 ± 0.2. We conclude that the magnitude of oxyhemoglobin desaturation that is induced in our murine model of IH is consistent with the degree of hypoxic stress that occurs in moderate to severe clinical OSA.

arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation; hypercapnia; obstructive sleep apnea; pH; inspired oxygen; mouse; oxyhemoglobin desaturation; arterial partial pressure of oxygen

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				B. J. Morgan Intermittent hypoxia: keeping it real J Appl Physiol, July 1, 2009; 107(1): 1 - 3. [Full Text] [PDF]