HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Free Full Text (PDF) Free All Versions of this Article: 105/4/1187    most recent 90388.2008v1 Submit a response Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when eLetters are posted Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Kapás, L. Articles by Krueger, J. M. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Kapás, L. Articles by Krueger, J. M.

Spontaneous and influenza virus-induced sleep are altered in TNF- double-receptor deficient mice

¹Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Bronx, New York; and ²Programs in Neuroscience, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington

Submitted 10 March 2008 ; accepted in final form 1 August 2008

Tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) is associated with sleep regulation in health and disease. Previous studies assessed sleep in mice genetically deficient in the TNF- 55-kDa receptor. In this study, spontaneous and influenza virus-induced sleep profiles were assessed in mice deficient in both the 55-kDa and 75-kDa TNF- receptors [TNF-2R knockouts (KO)] and wild-type (WT) strain controls. Under baseline conditions the TNF-2R KO mice had less non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS) than WTs during the nighttime and more rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) than controls during the daytime. The differences between nighttime maximum and daytime minimum values of electroencephalogram (EEG) delta power during NREMS were greater in the TNF-2R KO mice than in WTs. Viral challenge (mouse-adapted influenza X-31) enhanced NREMS and decreased REMS in both strains roughly to the same extent. EEG delta power responses to viral challenge differed substantially between strains; the WT animals increased, whereas the TNF-2R KO mice decreased their EEG delta wave power during NREMS. There were no differences between strains in body temperatures or locomotor activity in uninfected mice or after viral challenge. Analyses of cortical mRNAs confirmed that the TNF-2R KO mice lacked both TNF- receptors; these mice also had higher levels of orexin mRNA and reduced levels of the purine P2X7 receptor compared with WTs. Results reinforce the hypothesis that TNF- is involved in physiological sleep regulation but plays a limited role in the acute-phase response induced by influenza virus.

cytokine; hypothermia; electroencephalogram delta power; purine receptor; orexin

This article has been cited by other articles:

				Z. Peterfi, G. B. Makara, F. Obal Jr., and J. M. Krueger The anterolateral projections of the medial basal hypothalamus affect sleep Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, April 1, 2009; 296(4): R1228 - R1238. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]