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Markers of inflammation are inversely associated with O_{2 max} in asymptomatic men

¹Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, and ²Department of Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, Mayo College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota

Submitted 13 September 2006 ; accepted in final form 8 December 2006

We investigated whether markers of inflammation, including a cytokine (IL-6), acute-phase reactants [C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen], and white blood cell (WBC) count are associated with maximal O₂ consumption (O_{2 max}) in men without coronary heart disease (CHD). In asymptomatic men (n = 172, 51 ± 9.3 yr old), O_{2 max} was measured during a symptom-limited graded treadmill exercise test. Physical activity level was assessed by a standardized questionnaire. IL-6 and CRP were measured by immunoassays, fibrinogen by the Clauss method, and WBC count with a Coulter counter. IL-6 and CRP were logarithmically transformed to reduce skewness. Multivariable regression was used to assess whether markers of inflammation were associated with O_{2 max} after adjustment for age, body mass index, CHD risk factors, and lifestyle variables (physical activity level, percent body fat, and alcohol intake). O_{2 max} was 34.5 ml·kg^–1·min^–1 (SD 6.1). Log IL-6 (r = –0.38, P < 0.001), log CRP (r = –0.40, P < 0.001), fibrinogen (r = –0.42, P < 0.001), and WBC count (r = –0.22, P = 0.004) were each correlated with O_{2 max}. In separate multivariable linear regression models that adjusted for age, body mass index, CHD risk factors, and lifestyle variables, log IL-6 [-coeff = –1.66 ± 0.63 (SE), P = 0.010], log CRP [-coeff = –0.99 ± 0.33 (SE), P = 0.003], fibrinogen [-coeff = –1.51 ± 0.44 (SE), P = 0.001], and WBC count [-coeff = –0.52 ± 0.30 (SE), P = 0.088] were each inversely associated with O_{2 max}. In conclusion, higher circulating levels of IL-6, CRP, and fibrinogen are independently associated with lower O_{2 max} in asymptomatic men.

fitness; interleukin-6; C-reactive protein; fibrinogen

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