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J Appl Physiol 101: 817-825, 2006. First published June 22, 2006; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00183.2006
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The mRNA expression profile of metabolic genes relative to MHC isoform pattern in human skeletal muscles

Peter Plomgaard,1,2,3 Milena Penkowa,1,4 Lotte Leick,1,3,5 Bente K. Pedersen,1,2,3 Bengt Saltin,3,5 and Henriette Pilegaard1,3,5

1Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, and 3The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, Rigshospitalet; 4Section of Neuroprotection, The Panum Institute, and 5Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, The August Krogh Building, Institute for Molecular Biology and Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Submitted 13 February 2006 ; accepted in final form 10 May 2006

The metabolic profile of rodent muscle is generally reflected in the myosin heavy chain (MHC) fiber-type composition. The present study was conducted to test the hypothesis that metabolic gene expression is not tightly coupled with MHC fiber-type composition for all genes in human skeletal muscle. Triceps brachii, vastus lateralis quadriceps, and soleus muscle biopsies were obtained from normally physically active, healthy, young male volunteers, because these muscles are characterized by different fiber-type compositions. As expected, citrate synthase and 3-hydroxyacyl dehydrogenase activity was more than twofold higher in soleus and vastus than in triceps. Contrary, phosphofructokinase and total lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was approximately three- and twofold higher in triceps than in both soleus and vastus. Expression of metabolic genes was assessed by determining the mRNA content of a broad range of metabolic genes. The triceps muscle had two- to fivefold higher MHC IIa, phosphofructokinase, and LDH A mRNA content and two- to fourfold lower MHC I, lipoprotein lipase, CD36, hormone-sensitive lipase, and LDH B and hexokinase II mRNA than vastus lateralis or soleus. Interestingly, such mRNA differences were not evident for any of the genes encoding mitochondrial oxidative proteins, 3-hydroxyacyl dehydrogenase, carnitine palmitoyl transferase I, citrate synthase, {alpha}-ketogluterate dehydrogenase, and cytochrome c, nor for the transcriptional regulators peroxisome proliferator activator receptor gamma coactivator-1{alpha}, forkhead box O1, or peroxisome proliferator activator receptor-{alpha}. Thus the mRNA expression of genes encoding mitochondrial proteins and transcriptional regulators does not seem to be fiber type specific as the genes encoding glycolytic and lipid metabolism genes, which suggests that basal mRNA regulation of genes encoding mitochondrial proteins does not match the wide differences in mitochondrial content of these muscles.

soleus; triceps; vastus lateralis; metabolic profile


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: P. Plomgaard, Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism, Dept. of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Section 7641, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark (e-mail: plomgaard{at}dadlnet.dk)




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