HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Free Full Text (PDF) Free All Versions of this Article: 100/4/1301    most recent 01315.2005v1 Submit a response Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when eLetters are posted Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Web of Science (15) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Johannes, T. Articles by Ince, C. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Johannes, T. Articles by Ince, C.

INNOVATIVE METHODOLOGY

Dual-wavelength phosphorimetry for determination of cortical and subcortical microvascular oxygenation in rat kidney

¹Department of Physiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and ²Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany

Submitted 14 October 2005 ; accepted in final form 14 December 2005

This study presents a dual-wavelength phosphorimeter developed to measure microvascular PO₂ (µPO₂) in different depths in tissue and demonstrates its use in rat kidney. The used phosphorescent dye is Oxyphor G2 with excitation bands at 440 and 632 nm. The broad spectral gap between the excitation bands combined with a relatively low light absorption of 632 nm light by tissue results in a marked difference in penetration depths of both excitation wavelengths. In rat kidney, we determine the catchments depth of the 440-nm excitation to be 700 µm, whereas the catchments depth of 632 nm is as much as 4 mm. Therefore, the measurements differentiate between cortex and outer medulla, respectively. In vitro, no difference in PO₂ readings between both channels was found. On the rat kidney in vivo, the measured cortical µPO₂ was on average 20 Torr higher than the medullary µPO₂ over a wide PO₂ range induced by variations in inspired oxygen fraction. Examples provided from endotoxemia and resuscitation show differences in responses of mean cortical and medullary PO₂ readings as well as in the shape of the PO₂ histograms. It can be concluded that oxygen-dependent quenching of phosphorescence of Oxyphor G2 allows quantitative measurement of µPO₂ noninvasively in two different depths in vivo. Oxygen levels measured by this technique in the rat renal cortex and outer medulla are consistent with previously published values detected by Clark-type oxygen electrodes. Dual-wavelength phosphorimetry is excellently suited for monitoring µPO₂ changes in two different anatomical layers under pathophysiological conditions with the characteristics of providing oxygen histograms from two depths and having a penetration depth of several millimeters.

phosphorescence quenching; oxygen measurement; renal microvascular oxygenation; oxygen distribution

This article has been cited by other articles:

				A. M. Luks, R. J. Johnson, and E. R. Swenson Chronic Kidney Disease at High Altitude J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., December 1, 2008; 19(12): 2262 - 2271. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. G. Mik, T. Johannes, and C. Ince Monitoring of renal venous PO2 and kidney oxygen consumption in rats by a near-infrared phosphorescence lifetime technique Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, March 1, 2008; 294(3): F676 - F681. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Johannes, E. G. Mik, B. Nohe, K. E. Unertl, and C. Ince Acute decrease in renal microvascular PO2 during acute normovolemic hemodilution Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, February 1, 2007; 292(2): F796 - F803. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. J. Kemp Detecting acute changes in oxygen: will the real sensor please stand up? Exp Physiol, September 1, 2006; 91(5): 829 - 834. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]